Progesterone is a hormone with a range of clinical uses, primarily related to reproductive health as well as some off-label and investigational applications[1][2][5].
- Prevention of endometrial hyperplasia: Used in postmenopausal women with a uterus who are receiving estrogen therapy to reduce the risk of abnormal thickening of the uterine lining[5][6].
- Treatment of secondary amenorrhea: Prescribed to restore menstrual periods in women who have stopped menstruating for several months and are not pregnant, menopausal, or experiencing another medical condition[5][6].
- Assisted reproductive technology: Utilized as a vaginal gel or insert to support embryo implantation and early pregnancy in women with progesterone deficiency undergoing fertility treatments[5][6].
- Management of abnormal uterine bleeding or anovulation: Treats abnormal vaginal bleeding due to hormone imbalance and helps initiate withdrawal bleeding in conditions like anovulation[1][2].
- Part of hormone replacement therapy (HRT): Combined with estrogen for menopausal symptoms to protect the uterine lining[1][2].
- Prevention of recurrent preterm birth: Sometimes used off-label to reduce the risk of spontaneous preterm labor in certain high-risk pregnancies[5][6].
- Support of early pregnancy: Supports the maintenance of pregnancy by helping prepare and maintain the uterine lining for embryo implantation[2][3].
- Gender-affirming therapy: May be used in transgender women to promote breast development and as part of feminizing hormone regimens, though this use is less common and considered off-label[6].
- Other potential uses: Investigational and occasional off-label uses include treating hypertension, certain respiratory diseases, and substance dependence, though these are not standard indications[2].
Progesterone is available in various forms, including oral capsules, vaginal gels and inserts, creams, and intramuscular injections to suit different indications and patient preferences[5][6].