Flagyl (metronidazole) is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication used to treat various bacterial and parasitic infections[1]. It is commonly prescribed for:
- Abdominal infections such as peritonitis
- Skin infections
- Infections of the female reproductive system, including bacterial vaginosis and endometritis
- Blood infections (septicemia)
- Bone and joint infections
- Meningitis (infections of the membranes or tissues of the brain and spinal cord)
- Lung infections such as pneumonia or empyema
- Endocarditis (infection of the heart and heart valves)
- Sexually transmitted infections such as trichomoniasis
- Intestinal parasitic infections such as amebiasis and giardiasis
- Prevention of infections after certain surgeries, especially of the intestines
- Rosacea and other inflammatory skin lesions (topical forms)
Flagyl is sometimes used off-label for conditions such as Crohn’s disease, Helicobacter pylori infection, periodontal disease, and prevention of preterm birth in specific circumstances[2]. The drug works by damaging the DNA of bacteria and certain parasites, which leads to their death[1]. Bacteria or parasites in some locations may have developed resistance, which can make treatment less effective[1].
Metronidazole is available by prescription only and comes in several forms, including tablets, capsules, oral suspension, injectable solutions, gels, creams, and suppositories[6].